汽车火花塞更换时间是多少？

发布时间:2021-12-09 火花塞的作用
Function of spark plug
使用内燃机的轿车所使用的燃料一般是汽油和柴油。而在中国轿车市场，汽油车占据了一个很大的比例。汽油发动机与柴油发动机不一样，由于汽油的燃点较高（约400度左右），因而需要使用强制点火方式点燃混合气。
The fuel used by cars with internal combustion engines is generally gasoline and diesel. In China's car market, gasoline vehicles account for a large proportion. Gasoline engine is different from diesel engine. Due to the high ignition point of gasoline (about 400 degrees), it is necessary to use positive ignition to ignite the mixture.
火花塞点火过程可分为四步：1.点火线圈在火花塞电两端产生高压电，高压击穿电极间的介质产生电火花；2.电弧高温加热混合气后产生火焰核；3.火焰核变大，火花塞电极结构会影响这个过程，从而影响火花塞点火性能；4.火焰核温度上升至混合气燃点时混合气被点燃。
The ignition process of spark plug can be divided into four steps: 1 The ignition coil generates high voltage at both ends of the spark plug, and the high voltage breaks through the medium between the electrodes to generate electric spark; 2. The flame core is generated after the mixture is heated by the arc at high temperature; 3. When the flame core becomes larger, the electrode structure of spark plug will affect this process, thus affecting the ignition performance of spark plug; 4. When the flame core temperature rises to the ignition point of the mixture, the mixture is ignited.
一、多长时间需要换一次火花塞?
1、 How often do I need to change spark plugs?
由于火花塞材质的不同，火花塞的类型可分为：普通铜芯、钇金、铂金，铱金、铂铱合金火花塞等，这些类型的火花塞使用寿命有所不同，对应的更换里程也存在差异，在选择时要区分清楚。

Due to the different materials of spark plugs, the types of spark plugs can be divided into: ordinary copper core, yttrium gold, platinum, iridium, platinum iridium alloy spark plugs, etc. the service life of these types of spark plugs is different, and the corresponding replacement mileage is also different. They should be clearly distinguished in selection.

一般来说，正常使用的情况下，普通铜芯火花塞的使用寿命为3万公里，而贵金属材质火花塞的使用寿命为6到9万公里，不同车型汽车厂商所规定的保养周期不完全相同，所以具体的更换周期也要以汽车厂商的规定标准。不要随意延长使需要择机进行更换。
Generally speaking, under normal use, the service life of ordinary copper core spark plugs is 30000 km, while the service life of precious metal spark plugs is 60000 to 90000 km. The maintenance cycles specified by automobile manufacturers of different models are not exactly the same, so the specific replacement cycle should also be in accordance with the standards specified by automobile manufacturers. Do not extend it at will, so it is necessary to select the machine for replacement.
如果发现车辆耗油量加大时，可以考虑是否换个火花塞，一般修理厂会建议两三万公里就更换，因为这时火花塞虽然没有完全损坏，但效能有所下降。其实这是按火花塞的质量而定的，普通火花塞4万公里换一次，白金、铱金的6~8万公里换一次即可。如果在汽配城或电商网站自行购买火花塞，一般在几十元到一百元钱。再找一个可靠的维修店进行安装，一般来说会收取20元左右的安装费。安装过程时间很短，一般可以自己亲自查看，这样既可以省钱还可以避免黑心修理厂把从别人车上拆下来的半新的火花塞再次使用。
If you find that the fuel consumption of the vehicle increases, you can consider whether to replace the spark plug. Generally, the repair shop will recommend replacing it after 20000 or 30000 km, because although the spark plug is not completely damaged, its efficiency decreases. In fact, it depends on the quality of spark plugs. Replace ordinary spark plugs once every 40000 km and 60000 ~ 80000 km of platinum and iridium. If you buy spark plugs in auto parts city or e-commerce website, it is generally tens of yuan to 100 yuan. Find a reliable repair shop for installation. Generally speaking, it will charge about 20 yuan for installation. The installation process takes a short time. Generally, you can check it yourself, which can not only save money, but also avoid the black heart repair shop from reusing the semi-new spark plugs removed from other people's cars.
二、如何判断火花塞损坏了?
2、 How to judge whether the spark plug is damaged?
1、实车检查：由工作人员指导下操作，车主了解这样的常识更多的是用于识别够工作人员的维修建议，好不要自己动手操作。
1. Real vehicle inspection: it is operated under the guidance of the staff. The owner understands this common sense, which is more used to identify the maintenance suggestions of the staff, so he doesn't have to operate by himself.
(1)短路：让发动机怠速运转，用螺丝刀逐缸对火花塞短路，细听发动机转速和响声变化，转速和响声变化明显，表明火花塞正常。转速和响声都不明显时表明火花塞已经处于异常状态。
(1) Short circuit: let the engine run at idle speed, short circuit the spark plug cylinder by cylinder with a screwdriver, and listen carefully to the changes of engine speed and sound. The obvious changes of speed and sound indicate that the spark plug is normal. When the speed and sound are not obvious, it indicates that the spark plug has been in an abnormal state.
(2)跳火：旋下火花塞，放在气缸体上，用高压线试火，若无火花或火花较弱，表明火花塞漏电或不工作。
(2) Sparking: unscrew the spark plug, place it on the cylinder block and test the fire with high-voltage wire. If there is no spark or the spark is weak, it indicates that the spark plug is leaking or does not work.
2、观察外观颜色：车主可以学习此方法，在维修人员拆卸下火花塞后可以自己进行判断检查。
2. Observe the appearance color: the owner can learn this method, and the maintenance personnel can judge and check by themselves after removing the spark plug.
拆下火花塞观察，根据以下的外观颜色观察判断火花塞的使用状况：
Remove the spark plug and judge the service condition of the spark plug according to the following appearance color observation:
(1)如果是赤褐色或铁锈色，表明火花塞正常;
(1) If it is Auburn or rust, it indicates that the spark plug is normal;
(2)如果是渍油状，表明火花塞间隙失调或供油过多，高压线短路或断路;
(2) If it is oil stained, it indicates that the spark plug gap is maladjusted or there is too much oil supply, and the high-voltage line is short circuited or open circuited;
(3)如果是烟熏过的黑色，表明火花塞冷热型选错或混合气浓，机油上窜;
(3) If it is smoked black, it indicates that the cold and hot type of spark plug is wrong, or the mixture is rich, and the engine oil runs up;
(4)如果火花塞严重烧蚀，顶端出现起黑色纹路、破裂、熔化等现象，这就表明火花塞已经损坏，需要立即更换。
(4) If the spark plug is severely ablated and there are black lines, cracks, melting and other phenomena on the top, it indicates that the spark plug has been damaged and needs to be replaced immediately.
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